It may not be too late for HPV vaccination for girls who missed the recommended window. Catch-up quadrivalent HPV vaccination with three doses is effective against cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2 and CIN3 in girls and women aged 14–20 years at time of first vaccine dose but not for women aged 21 years and older at first dose, according to a study in The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health.

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